On the morning of 19 December 2024, a female pilot whale measuring approximately 4.2 meters (14 feet) was discovered stranded on Frank’s Beach, situated in Simon’s Town’s scenic Murdoch Valley. This unfortunate event unfolded as the sun rose over Cape Town’s coastline, drawing attention to the delicate balance of marine life in the region.
While the stranding of a single whale is always distressing, there is some solace in knowing that it was not a mass stranding, a phenomenon that has previously devastated Cape Town’s shores.
The Social Nature of Pilot Whales and Stranding Phenomena
Pilot whales are deeply social animals, known for their strong group bonds and cooperative behaviours. These close-knit relationships, however, can lead to tragic consequences. When one member of a pod becomes disoriented—whether due to illness, navigation errors, or environmental disruptions—the entire group may follow suit, resulting in mass strandings.
Cape Town has experienced several devastating incidents in the past. In 2009, a tragic mass stranding took place on Kommetjie Beach, where 55 pilot whales were beached. Despite the tireless efforts of rescuers, many of the whales could not be saved. Likewise, in 2013, 19 pilot whales stranded on Noordhoek Beach, serving as a sombre reminder of the challenges and vulnerabilities these majestic creatures endure.
Understanding the Species: Short-Finned vs. Long-Finned Pilot Whales
Two species of pilot whales frequent South African waters:
- Short-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus):
These whales inhabit warmer tropical and subtropical waters. They occasionally venture into deeper offshore areas near South Africa, showcasing their adaptability to diverse oceanic conditions. - Long-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala melas):
Preferring cooler, temperate waters, long-finned pilot whales are often found near the southern tip of Africa, particularly in the nutrient-rich Benguela Current. This region supports an abundance of squid and other prey, vital to their survival.
Both species are adept deep-sea hunters, capable of diving to significant depths in pursuit of their favoured prey. This remarkable ability underscores their adaptation to life in challenging marine environments.
